Questions tagged [matrices]

For any topic related to matrices. This includes: systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors (diagonalization, triangularization), determinant, trace, characteristic polynomial, adjugate and adjoint, transpose, Jordan normal form, matrix algorithms (e.g. LU, Gauss elimination, SVD, QR), invariant factors, quadratic forms, etc. For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the (matrix-equations) tag.

A matrix is a rectangular array of elements, usually numbers or variables, arranged in rows and columns. A matrix with $m$ rows and $n$ columns has $m \times n$ elements and is called an $m$ by $n$ matrix. Matrices are a part of .

Matrices can be added and subtracted. Furthermore, if they have compatible shapes, they can be multiplied. More precisely, given two matrices $A$ and $B$, the matrix $AB$ is defined when the number of columns of $A$ is equal to the number of rows of $B$. In particular, given a natural number $n$, any two matrices $A$ and $B$ with $n$ columns and $n$ rows can be multiplied in both ways (that is, both $AB$ and $BA$ exist).


For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the tag.

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Matrix operations in ${\mathbb{F}_{16}^2}$

I'm having troubles to understand how to perform simple operations such as addition and multiplication with matrices that contain hex values over the ${\mathbb{F}_{16}} = {\mathbb{F}_2}[x]/\left\langle {{x^4} + x + 1} \right\rangle $ field. Suppose…
user_777
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Find solution for $A * X = B$

I have a Matrix: $$A= \pmatrix{1 & -2 & 1 \\ -1 & 3 & 2 \\ 0 & 1 & 4}$$ My task is to find $X$ from: $$A * X = \pmatrix{4 & 0 & -3 & 1 \\ 1 & 5 & 2 & -1 \\ 0 & 1 & -1 & 2}$$ My problem is, that i dont know how to do this. I mean i could build…
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show inverse by matrix multiplication

Suppose $v^Tu \neq 1$ and $u,v \in \mathbb{R}^n$. Both $u$ and $v$ are column vectors. Define matrix $A=I+uv^T$. Show by matrix multiplication that $$A^{-1}=I-\frac{uv^T}{1-v^Tu}$$ My attempt:…
Idonknow
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How to represent transpose of a block matrix that doesn't transpose each block?

Can $$\left[\begin{matrix} A \\ B \end{matrix} \right] $$ be written as $[A,B]^T$? If not, how can I write it without spanning multiple lines? Does $[A,B]^T$ mean $$\left[\begin{matrix} A^T \\ B^T \end{matrix} \right]? $$
Alex
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Is $ST$ symmetric if $SDT$ is? (with particular $S$, $D$ and $T$.)

Let $S$ be a lower triangular matrix, $T$ an upper triangular matrix and $D$ a diagonal matrix. Suppose all of them are invertible, i.e., all diagonal elements are non-zero. If $SDT$ is symmetric, then is $ST$ symmetric? (Sorry for the previous…
User
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How do you define the square root of a matrix?

More specifically, how do you define the square root of an $n\times n$ matrix A and express it in linear algebra terms? Does this have something to do with positive semi-definite matrices and diagonalization?
Oasis
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Prove an $n\times n$ matrix is negative definite

I wonder is there any way to prove the $n\times n$ matrix with elements below is negative definite: $$ \sigma_{ij} = \frac{a_ia_j}{\sum_k s_ka_k} \space; i \neq j \text{ (off diagonal terms)}$$ $$\sigma_{ii} = \frac{a_ia_i}{\sum_k s_ka_k} -…
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Determine the values of $x$ for which$ M^{-1}$ does not exist

$$ \text{Let} \qquad M=\begin{bmatrix} x(x^2-1)&x \\ 3&1\end{bmatrix} \quad.$$ I have to determine the values of $x$ for which $M^{-1}$ does not exist. When $x=0$ and $x=2$ the determinant is $0$, so no inverse exists. From doing the equation I keep…
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rank of a submatrix

Suppose the $8 \times 4$ matrix $A$ has rank $4$. Is it always true that any $4 \times 4$ submatrix of $A$ has rank $4$? I am doing research on coding theory and I am wondering whether this is true. My guess is that it is always true. Since $A$ has…
Idonknow
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How to find trace of adj$A$ from the characteristic polynomial of $A$?

Let the characteristic polynomial for $A$ be $t^n+c_1 t^{n-1}+c_2t^{n-2}+\cdots+c_{n-1}t+c_n$. From it, is it possible to find the trace of adj$(A)$ ?
KON3
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finding number of submatrices of a matrix of given order?

How do we calculate the number of possible submatrices of a matrix of order $5\times 6$? options for the answer are: $465$ $1953$ $2048$ $30$
amit
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What does a '$-$' mean in front of a matrix?

I feel ridiculous for asking this, but I can't seem to find a clear answer. Let $$U = \begin{bmatrix}0 & 1\\1 & 0\end{bmatrix}$$ Show that $U$, $-U$, $-I$ where $I$ is the $2 \times 2$ identity matrix, each is its own inverse and the product of any…
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Exponentiation of matrix in Jordan block shape

I'm trying to calculate $A^k$ for a 3x3 Jordan block matrix with 2 in the diagonal. I found this question in a previous exam for CS students, who were expected to solve it within 12 minutes at most. At first, I attempted $A = VDV^{-1}$ to continue…
mafu
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Matrix multiplication: is $\begin{bmatrix} 3 \\ 2 \\ 1 \\ \end{bmatrix}\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \\ \end{bmatrix}$ defined?

Is this matrix multiplication is possible? Microsoft mathematics gives me an answer for it? How it could be a correct? If we need multiple two matrix, number of rows and columns should be equal. So how it is possible? $$\begin{bmatrix} 3 \\ 2 \\…
GRTZ
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Finding the Formula of the Product of $e_{i,j}$ and $e_{k,l}$ to Return Zero Matrix

My teacher for calculus this year gave a handout on the first day with an excerpt from Rings, Fields, and Vector Spaces by B.A. Sethuraman. The reason for this is in the beginning of Sethuraman's book illustrates what he wants and expects out of his…
user156926