Questions tagged [proof-explanation]

For posts seeking explanation or clarification of a specific step in a proof. "Please explain this proof" is off topic (too broad, missing context). Instead, the question must identify precisely which step in the proof requires explanation, and why so. This should not be the only tag for a question, and should not be used to circumvent site policies regarding duplicate questions.

11824 questions
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I do not understand this particular step in a proof using the Well Ordering Principle

Below is a proof using the Well Ordering Principle. I get lost starting at $(13)$... $$ \begin{aligned} P(c): &:=c^{3} \leq 3^{c} \\ & \equiv c^{3} \leq 3(c-1)^{3} \\ & \equiv c \leq \sqrt[3]{3} \times(c-1) \end{aligned} $$ I don't understand how we…
Robert W
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How do I prove that a set of all finite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$ is countable?

Let $X$ be the set of all finite subsets of $\mathbb{N}$. Thus some elements of $X$ include $\emptyset$ and $\{1, 5, 9\}$ and $\{3, 346\}$ and $\{1\}$; however, the set of even natural numbers is not an element of $X$. Prove that $X$ is countable. I…
Q G
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Some obscure points about the proof of Hahn Decomposition Theorem

The Hahn Decomposition Theorem. If $\nu$ is a signed measure on $(X,\mathcal{A})$, there exist a >positive set $P$ and a negative set $N$ for $\nu$ such that $P\cup N=X$ and $P\cap N=\emptyset.$ Proof Without loss of generality, we assume that…
Jack J.
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$\displaystyle{\limsup_{x \to \infty} f(x) = L = \liminf_{x \to \infty} f(x)}$ proof

In the following link at the end of the page there is presented a proof for the following theorem: Let $f : (a, \infty) \to \mathbb{R}$ where $a \in \mathbb{R}$. Then $\displaystyle{\lim_{x \to \infty} f(x) = L}$ if and only…
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Contrapositive/contradiction proofs and why do they work

Show that if x and y are two integers whose product is even, then at least one of the two must be even (use the contrapositive argument) now the thing is I understand how to prove this with a contrapositive argument and without. what I don't get is…
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If we want to show something for every x, why do we...

If we want to show something for every $x \in X$ of, sometimes we simply say: Let $x$ be $\in$ of $X$ (x is arbitrary). And if we continue doing that,after the proof is done, this allows us to say that it holds $\forall x$. Why does it work ? I…
Maths
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Derivation of 2D / binormal / bivariate Gaussian general equation

I am trying to understand how the general 2D Gaussian (binormal / bivariate) equation is derived as part of my work, and am having trouble expanding the terms. The article on Wikipedia…
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Is this a typo in Section 1.8.1 Mathematics for Computer Science?

Am I completely mistake or is it suppose to say $n^2$ is a multiple of 2 and therefore $n$ must be a multiple of 4? This is from MIT's Mathematics for Computer Science
doctopus
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Confusion regarding the completeness axiom

Why would we use square root of 2 in our example to show that the rationals don't have a supremum when square root of 2 is not an element of the rationals? Wouldnt the supremum be the element of the rationals that is greater square root 2 or less…
user503154
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Prove that if $|x|<1$ then $x^{6}<1$

I am trying to prove that if $|x|<1$ then $x^{6}<1$ and that if $x^{6}<1$ then $|x|<1$. For the first part, I thought of first considering $0
JennyToy
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Explanation of proof by contradiction

There's one part of an explanation of proof by contradiction that I don't understand at the moment. Here's the explanation: "Let's say we desire to prove the truth of a statement,M. A proof by contradiction will proceed by initially assuming that M…
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Number bases $p$

I did not understand the proof of this lemma, could anyone help me? Lemma. Let $p\in\mathbb{N}$, $p\ge2$. Let $x\in[0,1)$ such that \begin{equation} x=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{a_k}{p^k}=\sum_{k=1}^{\infty}\frac{b_k}{p^k} \end{equation} with…
Jack J.
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Proof check modulo arithmetic

what is wrong with this proof, so I am supposed to show $7x^2-15y^2=1$ has no integer solutions... so since $7x^2=1+3(5y^2)$ so $7x^2\equiv 1 \pmod{3}$ hence in mod $3$, $x\equiv 0, 1$ or $2$ so $x^2\equiv 0, 1$ and $7x^2\equiv0$ or $7$ and since…
user523955
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Proof of rule for multiplying numbers with uncertainties

So suppose you have a value $A$ with an absolute uncertainty $\pm a$ and another value $B$ with absolute uncertainty $b$, it is easy to prove that the rule for dealing with the uncertainties when adding these values like so: $$(A\pm a)+(B\pm…
cal
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Where is the mistake in the induction proof for 'All horses are the same color'?

I don't really understand Wikipedia's proof, because 1. if we assign distinct numbering to all the horses, I find obvious that there can be common elements to two subsets. Also, is the mistake in the initial assumption ($n$ horses always have the…
JobHunter69
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