Let $\varphi_{1}: x \mapsto (x, 2x)$ and let
$$g_{1}: x \overset{\varphi_{1}}{\mapsto} (x, 2x) =: (u, v) \overset{f}{\mapsto} f(u, v) = 1$$
on $\mathbb{R}$.
Then
$$g'_{1}(x) = 0 = \big( D_{1}f(x, 2x), D_{2}f(x, 2x) \big)\cdot (1, 2) = D_{1}f(x, 2x) + 2D_{2}f(x, 2x)$$
for all $x \in \mathbb{R}.$
Let $\varphi_{2}: x \mapsto (-x, x)$ and let
$$g_{2}: x \overset{\varphi_{2}}{\mapsto} (-x, x) =: (u, v) \overset{f}{\mapsto} f(u, v) = 1$$
on $\mathbb{R}$.
Then
$$g'_{2}(x) = 0 = \big( D_{1}f(-x, x), D_{2}f(-x, x) \big)\cdot (-1, 1) = -D_{1}f(-x, x) + D_{2}f(-x, x)$$
for all $x \in \mathbb{R}.$
In sum, we see that
$$\nabla f(0, 0) = (0, 0).$$
Note: The $(u, v)$ seems redundant, but I just want to show you in slow motion.