A random list of integers is sorted. There is an integer N in the list such that there are N or more integers in the list whose value matches or exceeds N. For example, consider the list {1, 3, 4, 7, 8, 11, 14, 15, 17, 23, 24, 26} for which N = 8 since there are eight elements in the list whose value meets or exceeds 8. The elements 1, 3, 4, and 7 also work but 8 is the largest for which this works. The element 11 does not work since there are only seven elements in the list whose value meets or exceeds 11. I believe that it is named after the mathematician who studied it.
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Sounds like the $h$-index, typically used for ranking academic publication output. See Wikipedia. Apparently this is named after the physicist Jorge Hirsch, and can be called the Hirsch index or Hirsch number.
Nick Matteo
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Kundor is very correct. The h-index is based on the quantity for which I was searching. That number is called the Eddington Number named after Arthur Eddington (1882-1944) the British physicists and mathematician. Apparently it is applied to cycling but can be applied to any set (as is the case with the h-index). Thanks to all.
LDinCT
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