I've never seen this notation before, so I'm not sure where to start learning about it:
I got it from here: http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/chap1.html#the_architecture_of_neural_networks (about half way down)
It looks like he's adding two partial derivatives, one for C with respect to v1 and one for C with respect to v2. That makes sense sort of, but why is he multiplying the derivative against the change in v1 and the change in v2.
