That $\ a_1,\ldots,a_k\mid m\,\Rightarrow\,{\rm lcm}(a_1,\ldots,a_k)\mid m\ $ is a prototypical Euclidean descent.
The set $M$ of all positive common multiples of all $\,a_i$ is closed under positive subtraction, i.e. $\,m> n\in M$ $\Rightarrow$ $\,a_i\mid m,n\,\Rightarrow\, a_i\mid m\!-\!n\,\Rightarrow\,m\!-\!n\in M.\,$ Thus, by induction, we deduce that $\,M\,$ is closed under mod, i.e. remainder, since it arises by repeated subtraction, i.e. $\ m\ {\rm mod}\ n\, =\, m-qn = ((m-n)-n)-\cdots-n.\,$ Thus the least $\,\ell\in M\,$ divides every $\,m\in M,\,$ else $\ 0\ne m\ {\rm mod}\ \ell\ $ is in $\,M\,$ and smaller than $\,\ell,\,$ contra minimality of $\,\ell.$