I have seen a proof that the set $\{1, x, ... , x^{n-1}\}$ form a basis for $P_{n}(x)$ as given below:
To show that $\{1, x, ... , x^{n-1}\}$ is a basis for $P_{n}(x)$, let $a_{0},a_{1}, ... ,a_{n-1}$ be scalars such that $a_{0} + a_{1}x + ... + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} = 0$. Now setting $x = 0$ yields $a_{0} = 0$.
I have a doubt in the following claim:
In a similar way by factoring $x$ each time, we see that $a_{0}=a_{1}= ... =a_{n-1} = 0$.
Consider $a_{1}x + ... + a_{n-1}x^{n-1} = 0$,
$x(a_{1} + ... + a_{n-1}x^{n-2}) = 0$.
I cannot set $x = 0$ here right. Then how to prove $a_{1} = 0$.
I just want to know whether the claim is right or wrong?