Can I simplify
$(F \land \neg M ) \lor (F \land A) \lor (F \land M \land G)$
to
$F \land (\neg M \lor A \lor (M \land G) )$
? And if so, what law does this illustrate?
Can I simplify
$(F \land \neg M ) \lor (F \land A) \lor (F \land M \land G)$
to
$F \land (\neg M \lor A \lor (M \land G) )$
? And if so, what law does this illustrate?
The distributive law is the factoring law. You have factorised the expression by taking out the common factor of F.
So it is the distributive law.
$(\color{blue}{F} \land \neg M ) \lor (\color{blue}{F} \land A) \lor (\color{blue}{F} \land M \land G)$
We can use the distributive law to get:
$\color{blue}{F} \land (\neg M \lor A \lor (M \land G) )$ You can simplify by first using commutativity of disjunction to obtain $$F \land( A \lor\lnot M \lor(M\land G))$$ and then $$F\land (A \lor((\lnot M\lor M) \land (\lnot M \lor G))$$
Which can be simplified to
$$F\land (A \lor \lnot M \lor G))$$