Is there any example of a metric space $X$ with more than two points such that the triangle inequality is always equality?
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In any metric space with at least two points, the triangle inequality is an actual inequality. For if $x\neq y$ and thus $d(x,y) > 0$, then by the triangle inequality, $$ 0 = d(x,x) \leq d(x,y) + d(y,x) = 2d(x,y), $$ and by our hypothesis we must therefore conclude that $$ d(x,x) < d(x,y) + d(y,x). $$
Edit: removed some redundancies. The same conclusions hold for a nontrivial pseudometric.
Gyu Eun Lee
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Such an example does not exist ! Suppose that the metric space $X$ contains 2 points $x,y$ with $x \ne y.$
Then we have
$0=d(x,x) < d(x,y)+d(y,x)=2d(x,y)$
Fred
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