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How do we prove, without actually expanding, that

$$\begin{vmatrix} \sin^2 {A}& \cot {A}& 1\\ \sin^2 {B}& \cot{B}& 1\\ \sin^2 {C}& \cot{C}& 1 \end{vmatrix}=0$$

where $A,B,C$ are angles of a triangle?

I tried applying cosine double angle formula but couldn't get anywhere.

Ng Chung Tak
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1 Answers1

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It is enough to show that $$ \det\begin{pmatrix}\sin^3 A & \cos A & \sin A \\ \sin^3 B & \cos B & \sin B \\ \sin^3 C & \cos C & \sin C \end{pmatrix}=0 $$ or that $$ \det\begin{pmatrix}a^3 & \frac{b^2+c^2-a^2}{bc} & a \\ b^3 & \frac{a^2+c^2-b^2}{ac} & b \\ c^3 & \frac{a^2+b^2-c^2}{ab} & c \end{pmatrix}=0 $$ or that $$ \det\begin{pmatrix}a^3 b c & b^2+c^2-a^2 & abc \\ b^3 a c & a^2+c^2-b^2& abc \\ c^3ab & a^2+b^2-c^2 & abc \end{pmatrix}=0 $$ or that $$ \det\begin{pmatrix}a^2 & b^2+c^2-a^2 & 1 \\ b^2 & a^2+c^2-b^2& 1 \\ c^2 & a^2+b^2-c^2 & 1 \end{pmatrix}=0 $$ or that $$ \det\begin{pmatrix}a^2 & b^2+c^2 & 1 \\ b^2 & a^2+c^2& 1 \\ c^2 & a^2+b^2 & 1 \end{pmatrix}=0 $$ that is pretty simple.

By barycentric coordinates, this is equivalent to the collinearity of the centroid, symmedian point and symmedian point of the anticomplementary triangle (collinearity of $X(2),X(6)$ and $X(69)$ according to ETC). Pretty trivial since a triangle and its anticomplementary triangle have the same centroid.

Jack D'Aurizio
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  • That is very convoluted yet very elegant. – DHMO Apr 19 '17 at 12:02
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    Hum, this second line is quite powerful, but it let people think you just replaced sinus by $a,b,c$, while they are really the sides of the triangle, with a hidden simplification by the radius of circumscribed circle $sin A =\frac a{2R}$. The rest takes a lot of space but is meaningless in comparison. I maybe have a link a little more colorful than ETC http://villemin.gerard.free.fr/GeomLAV/Triangle/Calcul/RelQuel.htm :p – zwim Apr 19 '17 at 12:26
  • I agree that this solution is a bit complicated but will do for now. Thanks. I do hope of finding a simpler solution. – navjotjsingh Apr 20 '17 at 07:59
  • Indeed, a crucial step is almost hidden, and not even commented upon. One can only marvel at the fact that 7 users swallowed this step with no effort... – Did Feb 07 '18 at 07:49