We see $x=1$ is not a solution. Now write $y=\frac{1}{1-x}$, and see that
\begin{align}
(1+xb)^q(1-x)^{1-q}&=1\\
(1+xb)^q\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right)^q\left(\frac{1}{1-x}\right)^{-1}&=1\\
\left(\frac{1+xb}{1-x}\right)^q&=\frac{1}{1-x}\\
\left(\frac{1+b+-b(1-x)}{1-x}\right)^q&=\frac{1}{1-x}\\
\left(-b+\frac{1+b}{1-x}\right)^q&=\frac{1}{1-x}\\
\left(-b+(1+b)y\right)^q&=y\\
\end{align}
so if we were to write $q$ as a fraction $\frac nm$ with $n,m$ positive integers, then we have the equation
$$\left(-b+(1+b)y\right)^n=y^m$$
which is simply a polynomial of degree $\max(n,m)=m$ (the maximum is $m$ since $0<q<1$), so if either one of $m$ is larger than $4$ then it's unlikely that a closed form for the roots exist (and so the same for $x$). Although there may be no closed form, there are still $m$ solutions (including complex ones and the trivial $y=1$).