I was working on the same question listed here and came up with the follwing proof with help of answers on that and other questions.
$\lim s_n$ converges so let $\lim s_n =s$.
Now $s_{n+1}= \sqrt{s_n+1}$ thus $\lim_{n \to \infty} s_{n+1} = \lim_{n \to \infty} \sqrt{s_n +1}$.
From here we get $s=\sqrt{s+1}$.
Simplifying gives: $s^2-s-1$. We do the quadratic formula and go without the extraneous solution and end up with $\lim_{n \to \infty} s_n = \frac{1+\sqrt{5}}{2}$
Now I get lost from the limits to plugging in s? I was using the answer here to help with my thought process. Why can we "substitute" $s$?