Show that $\text{rad}(n)=n$ when $n$ is a positive integer if and only if $n$ is square-free.
I came so far:
$n$ is square free $\Rightarrow$ no $x^2$ divides $n \Rightarrow$ $n=p_1* ...*p_n\Rightarrow\text{rad}(n)=n=p_1* ...*p_n$.
Show that $\text{rad}(n)=n$ when $n$ is a positive integer if and only if $n$ is square-free.
I came so far:
$n$ is square free $\Rightarrow$ no $x^2$ divides $n \Rightarrow$ $n=p_1* ...*p_n\Rightarrow\text{rad}(n)=n=p_1* ...*p_n$.
You have the right idea, but I would write it down a bit more formally. Your core lemma is the following:
An integer is square-free if and only if every exponent in the prime factorization is $1$.
Prove this both ways, one way by contradiction by dividing through $x^2$, and the other way by explicit counterexample if $p^k, k> 1$ is in the prime factorization of $n$.
Then you can use $\text{rad}(n) = p_1 \cdots p_k = n$.