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By Hahn-Banach it holds in any Banach space that the norm of a positive element attained by a functional of norm $1$. But why is it true in a $C^*$-algebra that norm of any positive element is attained by a positive, linear functional of norm $1$?

Aweygan
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1 Answers1

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Let $A$ be a $C^*$-algebra, with $a\in A$ positive, and let $B$ be the $C^*$-subalgebra of $\tilde A$ generated by $1$ and $a$. Then there is a character $\tau_0$ on $B$ such that $\tau_0(a)=\|a\|$. By the Hahn-Banach theorem, $\tau_0$ extends to a linear functional $\tau_1$ on $\tilde A$ of norm $1$, and since $\tau_1(1)=\tau_0(1)=1$, it is positive. The restriction $\tau$ of $\tau_1$ to $A$ is a positive linear functional of norm $1$, and $\tau(a)=\|a\|$.

Aweygan
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