I was trying to understand Nitsche's Elementary Proof of Bernstein's Theorem on Minimal Surfaces (referenced on this question) but on the very first page, the statement reads:
Let the function $z = z(x,y)$ be twice continuously differentiable and satisfy the equation $rt-s^2 = 1$, $r > 0$ for all values of $x$ and $y$. Then $z(x,y)$ is a quadratic polynomial.
I have not understood who $r$, $t$ and $s$ are. At first I thought that $z = r + is$ and $t$ is some real number but then the functions $p,q$ appear and it would make so much more sense that $z = p + iq$. Any help or insight is appreciated.