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draw the directed graph of the reflexive closure of the relations with the directed graph shown

enter image description here

brisk tuti
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  • You have asked a question (https://math.stackexchange.com/questions/3424785/let-r-be-a-relation-on-the-set-of-integers) on reflexive closure before. Perhaps it is time for you to revisit the definition and improve your understanding. Hint: think what "edges" (loops) you need to "add" to make the new relation reflexive. – Anurag A Nov 06 '19 at 19:34
  • I didn't understand the example in the book, that's why I set the example here – brisk tuti Nov 06 '19 at 19:46

1 Answers1

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The reflexive closure is given by the relation plus all the directed edges are needed to make the new relation reflexive. Hence we add the loops on $b$, $c$, and $d$ and obtain the following:

enter image description here

AB Balbuena
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