The answer is different depending on if you are selling or buying. First, look at the case where you are selling products and want to maximize revenue.
Let
- $w$: the number of units sold
- $v$: the number units sold in excess of $X$
- $r$: the total revenue
Your constraints are then
$$ 5 w - v = r \\ w - v \le X$$
The first constraint defines revenue as 5 times the total sold, less the number sold at a discount. The second constraint forces the discount on quantities above the threshold $X$.
These constraints don't explicitly disallow a discount on items sold below the threshold, but If you are trying to maximize revenue there is no need. However if revenue is a cost, then you need additional constraints and a Boolean variable to indicate that you are eligible for the discount. To add this, you need the following additional variable.
- $d$: indicator that more than $X$ items have been purchased.
and the following model.
$$ 5 w - v = r \\ v \le w - X d \\ v \le M d \\ d \in \{0, 1\} $$
Where $M$ is an a priori upper bound on the number of items sold at a discount.