Let $\mathcal F$ be a non-empty family of sets with $A\in\mathcal F$.
$(a)$ Prove $A\subset\bigcup\mathcal F$
$(b)$ Prove $\cap\mathcal F\subset A$
$(c)$ Why was the assumption that $\mathcal F$ is nonempty needed?
Was it needed for both parts $(a)$ and $(b)$, or just one? If just one, which one?