Let $C$ be an elliptic curve over $ℚ$ that has the form: $$y²=x³+ax+b...........................(1)$$
where $a,b$ are integers. The group $C(ℚ)$ is a finitely generated Abelian group and we have $C(ℚ)≃ℤ^{r}⊕C(ℚ)^\mathrm{tors}$, where $C(ℚ)^\mathrm{tors}$ is a finite abelian group (is the subgroup of elements of finite order in $C(ℚ)$). Here $r$ is the Mordell-Weil rank of $C(ℚ)$. Then $r$ is defined to be the cardinality of a maximal independent set in $C(ℚ)$, thus there exist $r$ independent points ${P_1,P_2,\ldots,P_r}$ of infinite order in $C(ℚ)$, i.e., $P_k=(x_k,y_k)∈ℚ^2,k=1,\ldots,r$ such that if $∑_{k=1}^r α_k P_k=0$, then $α_k=0$ for all $k=1,\ldots,r$. (Here $α_k ∈ ℤ$.)
We know that if $r=0$ if and only if $C(ℚ)$ is finite.
My question is about the existence of a result that determine the values or the shape of the integers $a,b$ in $(1)$ such that $r=0$, i.e., $C(ℚ)$ is finite.