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Is there any simple example or proof to show that $H^1$ fails to be embedded in $L^{\infty}$?, where, $H^1=W^{1,2}$ is a Sobolev space.

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So, in dimension $1$, the embedding $H^1(\mathbb{R}) āŠ‚ L^\infty(\mathbb{R})$ is true. In dimension $d≄ 3$ you can take $\varphi\in C^\infty_c(\mathbb{R}^d)$ and consider for example $f(x) = \varphi(x) \,|x|^{-1/4}$ (or replace $1/4$ by any $\varepsilon < d/2-1$).

But I think you are mainly interested in the case $d=2$. In this case, you can use the counterexamples from Function in $H^1$, but not continuous or Discontinuous Sobolev Function

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