I came across this question in my Real Analysis class:
Prove that $f'(x)=0$ if $|f'(x)|\leq M|f(x)-f(a)|$ where $M>0$ and $f:[a,b]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ is continuous on $[a,b]$ and differentiable on $(a,b)$.
The immediate first step is to use the mean value theorem which would simplify the expression to:
$$|f'(x)|\leq M(x-a)|f'(c)|$$
Where $c\in[a,x]$. However, I'm not sure where to go on from here, but this is an idea that I have in mind:
- We consider only $[a,\alpha]$ where $\alpha-a=\frac{1}{M}$.
- Take $x$ such that $f'(x) = \sup |f'|$ on the interval.
- Then $\exists c$ such that $|f'(x)|\leq|f'(c)|$.
- This is a contradiction?
These are my half-baked ideas, but in general I'm a bit stumped as to how to proceed. Any hints?