I think this question would benefit from the addition of indices to the variables, since the values are changing. The indices will be i for initial and f for final.
$$m_i=(1+0.25)w_i=1.25w_i$$
$$c_i=(1-0.20)w_i=0.8w_i$$
$$c_f=0$$
$$m_f+w_f-(m_i+w_i)=c_i-c_f$$
$$m_f=w_f$$
$$w_f=122$$
$$\text{Solve for: }m_i-w_i$$
Here we have six independent equations and six unknowns. We could use matrix math to solve this, or it is a simple enough problem to take the steps you did. Let's go the latter route.
$$w_f=122$$
$$m_f=w_f=122$$
$$m_f+w_f-(m_i+w_i)=122+122-(1.25w_i+w_i)=0.8w_i-0=c_i-c_f$$
$$244-2.25w_i=0.8w_i$$
$$244=3.05w_i$$
$$w_i=80$$
$$m_i=1.25w_i=100$$
$$m_i-w_i=20$$
There were 20 more men than women at the beginning of the book fair.