I encountered this in my homework and am not sure why it is true:
$Y$ is a function on $\theta$ and $\phi$, and $\frac{\partial}{\partial \phi} Y(\theta,\phi)=iY(\theta,\phi)$, then $Y$ takes the form $P(\theta)e^{i\phi}$.
I know this is true assuming $Y$ is separable, but I don't know why this is true in general. Thank you!