What does this symbol "‰" mean in metabolic studies.

Question

Have a look at this article and you can understand the research area. Jahren, A.H., Kraft, R.A., 2008. Carbon and nitrogen stable isotopes in fast food: Signatures of corn and confinement. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 105, 17855–17860.. doi:10.1073/pnas.0809870105

Relates to change in 13C concentration in breath, related to diet. I could'nt see where to post the question, none of the google searches ever bothered to explain that symbol.
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It means "per mille" or something equivalent in Latin - i.e. per thousand, whereas $%$ is "per cent" - per hundred — FShrike, Apr 11 '22 at 16:15
Please clarify your specific problem or provide additional details to highlight exactly what you need. As it's currently written, it's hard to tell exactly what you're asking. — Community, Apr 11 '22 at 16:48

score 1 · Answer 1 · answered Apr 11 '22 at 19:08

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per thousand or per mille, mainly used in chemistry

answered Apr 11 '22 at 19:08

Mehman Ismayilli

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This answer could be improved by giving a reference. – kimchi lover Apr 11 '22 at 19:37

What does this symbol "‰" mean in metabolic studies.

1 Answers1