There is a problem with your calculation in the case $n=2$. You should be quotienting by the wedge $S^2\vee S^2$ rather than by $S^2$, and then you get $S^4$. The reason is that $S^2\vee S^2$ is the 2-skeleton of a natural cell structure on $S^2\times S^2$ when each 2-sphere is viewed as composed of a 0-cell and a 2-cell.
In general, $\prod_{i=1}^n S^2$ will have ${n \choose 2}$ 4-dimensional cells corresponding to Cartesian products of pairs of 2-spheres, and the subset $\bigvee_{i=1}^n S^2$ is precisely the 2-skeleton. If you quotient the 4-skeleton by the 2-skeleton you will get a wedge of 4-spheres $\bigvee_{1\leq i< j\leq n } S^4$.
However, the way you defined it, your space on the left hand side is not just the 4-skeleton and will have additional cells of dimensions 6, 8, etc. I don't think your claim is true without taking the 4-skeleton on the left-hand-side.