In the beginning of Chapter 8 entitled "Differential Calculus of Scalar and Vector Fields" of Apostol's Calculus, he says that when we are considering functions $f:\mathbb{R}^n\to\mathbb{R}^m$, then
if $n$ and $m$ are both 1, we have a real-valued function of a real variable.
if $n=1$ and $m>1$, then we have a vector-valued function of a real variable.
if $n>1$ and $m=1$ then we have a real-valued function of a vector variable (that is, a scalar field).
if $n>1$ and $m>1$ we have a vector-valued function of a vector variable (that is, a vector field)
I am a bit confused by the choice of terminology here. The concepts involved are all clear. It's just the following: according to the above, when we have a function of a single variable we call it a function of a "real variable", but when we have a function of a vector, then we say the function is of a "vector variable".
The way I understand it, to be consistent, we should either say
- "function of a single variable" and "function of a vector variable"
or
- "function of a real variable" and "function of a real vector variable"
or some other combination such that when we denote a function with a single variable and with a vector-variable we convey the same information.
Note that a similar question was asked before, but it does not go into much depth on these issues.