Try induction. $P(1)$ is obvious.
$P(n) \Rightarrow P(n_+1)$.
$$\sum_{i=1}^{n+1}\dfrac{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\cdots+\sqrt{i}}{i^2}\le\sqrt{2n-1} +\dfrac{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\cdots+\sqrt{n+1}}{(n+1)^2}$$
To complete the proof we need to show
$$\sqrt{2n-1} +\dfrac{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\cdots+\sqrt{n+1}}{(n+1)^2} \leq \sqrt{2n+1} \Leftrightarrow \\
\dfrac{\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\cdots+\sqrt{n+1}}{(n+1)^2} \leq \sqrt{2n+1}-\sqrt{2n-1} \Leftrightarrow \\
\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\cdots+\sqrt{n+1} \leq (n+1)^2[ \sqrt{2n+1}-\sqrt{2n-1}] = \frac{2(n+1)^2}{\sqrt{2n-1}+\sqrt{2n+1}}
$$
Now, by your inequality we have
$$\sqrt{1}+\sqrt{2}+\cdots+\sqrt{n+1} \leq \sqrt{n+1}+\frac{2}{3}(n+1)^{\frac{3}{2}}$$
and the inequality
$$\sqrt{n+1}+\frac{2}{3}(n+1)^{\frac{3}{2}} \leq \frac{2(n+1)^2}{2\sqrt{2n+1}} \leq \frac{2(n+1)^2}{\sqrt{2n-1}+\sqrt{2n+1}} $$
is easy to prove and completes the solution.