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Definition of Norm : Suppose $A$ be an $m\times n$ matrix. Then $\|A\|$ is defined by : \begin{align} \|A\|= &\sup\{\|Ax\| : \|x\|=1\}\\ = &\sup\{\|Ax\| : \|x\|\leq 1\} \end{align} These two definitions are equivalent. But why? Please anyone explain..

Elias Costa
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Let $\alpha = \sup\{\|Ax\| : \|x\| = 1\}$ and $\beta = \sup\{\|Ax\| : \|x\| \leq 1\}$. Clearly, $\alpha \leq \beta$.

Now, for any $0\neq x \in X$ such that $\|x\| \leq 1$, consider $y = x/\|x\|$. Then $\|y\| = 1$. Then $$ \|Ay\| \leq \alpha $$ But $$ \|Ay\| = \frac{\|Ax\|}{\|x\|} \geq \|Ax\| $$ Hence, $\|Ax\| \leq \alpha$, which implies that $\beta \leq \alpha$