Additionally, it's required that neither of them induces the discrete topology.
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what all metrics do you know on $\mathbb{R}$? – Jan 24 '14 at 09:59
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The following metric is not topologically equivalent to the standard Euclidean metric:
$$d ( x , y ) = \begin{cases} \min \{ | x - y |,1\}, &\text{if }x,y\text{ are either both rational or both irrational} \\ 1, &\text{otherwise} \end{cases}$$
(The underlying idea can be used to generate lots of inequivalent metrics on $\mathbb{R}$.)
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