How might one go about calculating the time average of the product of two identical waves with different phases? For example, what would be the time average of:
$$ \cos(k x-w t) \cdot \cos(kx-wt+a) $$
and how would you get it? Thanks!
Your function is fully periodic, which means that your average integral is just an average integral over the fundamental domain.
$$ \begin{align*} \lim_n \frac{\int_0^n cos(kx-wt)cos(kx-wt+a) dt}{n} &= \lim_n \frac{\int_{-n}^n cos(kx-wt)cos(kx-wt+a) dt}{2n}\\ &= \frac{\int_{0}^{2 \pi/w} cos(kx-wt)cos(kx-wt+a) dt}{\frac{2\pi}{w}} \, \end{align*} $$