Questions tagged [causality]

Use for any questions relating to understanding if one entity causes another. This can be at any of the three rungs of causality: association, intervention, or counterfactual. Topics included are do-calculus, causal diagrams, analysis of confounding, $d$-separation, back-door criterion, back-door adjustments, front-door adjustments, instrumental variables, and mediation analysis, among others.

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Are there any branches of mathematics where causality is incorporated?

Are there any branches of mathematics where causality is incorporated? For example, in Bayesian probability: $$ \ P(B|A) = \dfrac{P(A ∩ B)}{P(A)} \ $$ likewise: $$ \ P(B|A) = \dfrac{P(A | B)P(B)}{P(A)} \ $$ there doesn't seem to be a notion of…
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Proof of Theorem 4.2 in Elements of Causal Inference

I'm a novice in the field of causal inference, and was going through material on Structure Identifiability in the textbook 'Elements of Causal Inference'. I am unable to get an intuition about the following theorem: Theorem 4.2 (Identifiability of…
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basics of causality: miguel hernan book doubt

While reading "Causal Inference" book from Miguel A. Hernán, he starts the book with the example: Zeus is a patient waiting for a heart transplant. On January 1, he receives a new heart. Five days later, he dies. Imagine that we can somehow…