Questions tagged [differential-forms]

For questions about differential forms, a class of objects in differential geometry and multivariable calculus that can be integrated.

A degree $k$ differential form on a smooth manifold $M$ is a quantity that can be integrated on $k$-dimensional submanifolds of $M$.

Formally, a degree $k$ differential form is an element of $\Omega^k(M) = \Gamma(M, \bigwedge^kT^*M)$ which is the vector space of smooth sections of the vector bundle $\pi: \bigwedge^kT^*M \to M$; a section is a map $\alpha : M \to \bigwedge^kT^*M$ such that $\pi\circ\alpha = \operatorname{id}_M$. In particular, if $\alpha \in \Omega^k(M)$, for each $x \in M$, $\alpha(x) \in \bigwedge^kT^*_xM$; that is, $\alpha(x)$ is an alternating map $(T^*_xM)^k \to \mathbb{R}$.

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Intuition behind $dx \wedge dy=-dy \wedge dx$

I was re-reading this old book of mine; and I noticed that in defining the rules of differential forms, it "makes sense" that we have the rule $dx \wedge dx=0$ because if $dx$ is infinitesimal, then to first order approximations we can ignore powers…
Matt Calhoun
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Good intro to differential forms

I am looking for an intro book to learn about diff forms, maybe undergrad. Reading sentences like "Let M be a smooth manifold. A differential form of degree k is a smooth section of the kth exterior power of the cotangent bundle of M." somehow is…
Frank
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What is meant by the kernel of a 2-form?

I'm given a 1-form $\alpha$ on $\mathbb{R}^n$, and asked to compute the kernel of $d\alpha$. Since $d\alpha$ is a 2-form on $\mathbb{R}^n$, it would eat a vector field to give a 1-form, or it would eat 2 vector fields to give a function. Would the…
Anna
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Evaluating a surface integral with differential forms

Let $\alpha=x dy-\frac{1}{2}(x^2+y^2)dz$ be a differential form in $\mathbb{R}^3=\{(x,y,z)\;|\;x,y,z\in\mathbb{R}\}$and let $Z=\{(\cos\theta,\sin\theta,s)\;|\;0\leq\theta \leq2\pi, 0\leq s\leq 1\}$ be a cylinder. I'd like to compute $\int_Z…
chris
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How should I conceptualize differential forms as a generalization of scalar and vector fields?

I'm reading Munkres' "Analysis on Manifolds" at the moment, and I'm having a bit of trouble understanding what exactly differential forms are. I understand that the point of integrating forms over manifolds is to generalize the concept of…
Moni145
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What's going on with these identities involving $d$, $\mathcal L_X$, and $\iota_X$?

Let $\Omega^k$ denote the smooth $k$-forms on a given smooth manifold. Then we have the following operators: Exterior derivative: $d:\Omega^k\to\Omega^{k+1}$ (takes you to the right in the de Rham complex) Interior multiplication:…
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Differential Forms, Exterior Derivative

I have a question regarding differential forms. Let $\omega = dx_1\wedge dx_2$. What would $d\omega$ equal? Would it be 0?
Susan
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Find a form that is closed but not exact on $\mathbb R^3 \setminus \mathbb S^1$

Suppose we set $\Omega = \mathbb R^3 \setminus \{ (x,y,0)\ :\ x^2+y^2 = 1 \}$: then $\Omega$ is not simply connected, for there exists a class of loops that are not contractible to a point, that is the equivalence class (w.r.t. $\Omega$-homotopy)…
giobrach
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Integrating a 3-form over the 3-sphere

Consider the 1-form $\alpha = xdz + ydw -(x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2)dt$ on $\mathbb{R}^5$. I'm trying to find $\int_S d\alpha \wedge d\alpha$, where $S \subset \mathbb{R}^5$ is given by $x^2 + y^2 + z^2 + w^2 =1$ and $0\leq t \leq 1$. Restricting to…
Anna
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Differential form or differential form field?

When discussing differential forms is it necessary to stick the word “field” on the end , such as “1-form field”, or “2-form field” in a similar fashion to vector and vector field? Or is, in the context of forms, the use of “field” redundant?…
Peter4075
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Exterior derivative of a complicated differential form

Let $\omega$ be a $2$-form on $\mathbb{R}^3\setminus\{0\}$ defined by $$ \omega = \frac{x\,dy\wedge dz+y\,dz\wedge dx +z\,dx\wedge > dy}{(x^2+y^2+z^2)^{\frac{3}{2}}} $$ Show that $\omega$ is closed but not exact. What I have tried so far: In…
chris
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What exactly is meant by "differential forms carry their own scale"?

I've been watching this series: Intro to differential forms, where the author says every now and then something like "differential forms carry their own scale", "I can eyeball a path integral with differential forms, but not with a gradient picture,…
YoTengoUnLCD
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What does $\alpha$ be the $1$-form and $\beta$ the $2$-form on $\mathbb{R}^3$ mean?

In an earlier post to math.stackexchange I asked a question beginning with: Let $\alpha$ be the $1$-form and $\beta$ the $2$-form on $\mathbb{R}^3$ given by $$\alpha=(x+y)\,dy+(x^2-y^2)\,dz$$ $$\beta=z\,dx\wedge dy+xz\,dx\wedge dz$$ The wedge…
Sam Houston
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Uniqueness of Winding Number

This is an exercise from Spivak's Calculus on Manifolds, problem 4-27. Define the singular 1-cube $c_{R,n}:[0,1]\rightarrow \mathbb{R}^2 - \{0\}$ to be $c_{R,n}=(R\cos(2\pi nt), R\sin(2\pi nt))$. Geometrically, this is a circle that winds $n$ times…
Potato
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Difference between $dx \wedge dy$ and $dxdy = dA$.

(Beginner in differential forms) In $\mathbb{R}^2$, consider the differential form $\omega = dx \wedge dy$ and infinitesimal area element $dA = dxdy$. I already know that $$\int_{\mathbb{R}^2} w = \int_{\mathbb{R}^2} dA.$$ So is $dx \wedge dy$ more…
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