Questions tagged [matrices]

For any topic related to matrices. This includes: systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors (diagonalization, triangularization), determinant, trace, characteristic polynomial, adjugate and adjoint, transpose, Jordan normal form, matrix algorithms (e.g. LU, Gauss elimination, SVD, QR), invariant factors, quadratic forms, etc. For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the (matrix-equations) tag.

A matrix is a rectangular array of elements, usually numbers or variables, arranged in rows and columns. A matrix with $m$ rows and $n$ columns has $m \times n$ elements and is called an $m$ by $n$ matrix. Matrices are a part of .

Matrices can be added and subtracted. Furthermore, if they have compatible shapes, they can be multiplied. More precisely, given two matrices $A$ and $B$, the matrix $AB$ is defined when the number of columns of $A$ is equal to the number of rows of $B$. In particular, given a natural number $n$, any two matrices $A$ and $B$ with $n$ columns and $n$ rows can be multiplied in both ways (that is, both $AB$ and $BA$ exist).


For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the tag.

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Positive semi-definite Matrix and its eigenvalues (Please help checking/ improving my presentation)

Let $A$ and $B$ are two $n \times n$ Hermitian matrices . Suppose $A-B$ is positive semidefinite. (a) Show that $\lambda_k(A) \geq \lambda_k(B)$ for $k=1,2,\dots ,n,$ where $\lambda_i(A)$ and $\lambda_i(B)$ are eigenvalues of matrices $A$ and $B$…
nam
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Commutative matrix proof

I've got the following question: $A \in M_{nn}(\mathbb{K})$ is a matrix and $AB=BA \forall B \in M_{nn}$. Proof that $ A=aI_n \forall a \in \mathbb{K}$. and one given solution starts with: $ % MathType!MTEF!2!1!+- %…
fast-forward
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Can the identity matrix be negative?

I got the following question: Find, if possible, the inverse of the matrix: $\begin{bmatrix}3, -1\\2, -2\end{bmatrix} $ and I did the following: $\begin{bmatrix}3, -1\\2, -2\end{bmatrix}^{-1} = \frac{1}{ad-bc}\begin{bmatrix}-2, 1\\-2,…
user136800
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The eignevalue of positive definite matrix

Let $A\in\mathbb{R}^{n\times n}$ be positive definite in $\mathbb{R}^n$. Prove that the real part $\lambda_{1}=Re\lambda$ of any eigenvalue $\lambda\in\mathbb{C}$ of $A$ is positive.
89085731
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Find the polar decomposition

Find the left and right polar decomposition of the matrix: \begin{align*} A = \left[\begin{matrix} 1 & 0 \\ 1 & 1\end{matrix}\right] \end{align*} So a polar decomposition would be of the form $A = U\sqrt{A^\dagger A} = \sqrt{AA^\dagger}\,U$ for some…
Paradox
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Inverse of positive definite matrix plus diagonal matrix

Let $C$ be a positive definite matrix, $D$ be a diagonal matrix with all elements being positive and $A=C+D$. By Woodbury matrix identity, we have $A^{-1}=C^{-1}-C^{-1}(D^{-1}+C^{-1})^{-1}C^{-1}$ or $A^{-1}=D^{-1}-D^{-1}(C^{-1}+D^{-1})^{-1}D^{-1}$.…
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Homogeneous transformation matrices

My professor assigned us this homework for a separate text book from our own. I am very lost on how to approach this problem. While our text covers homogeneous matrices none are the examples are like anything in the context of this problem. I was…
Nick
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Matrix semi-positive definite

If $n \times n$ matrix $A \succeq 0$, and one $ n \times q$ column orthogonal matrix $U$, does this inequality hold? $$A- UU^{T} A UU^{T} \succeq 0$$
mewmew
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Case of Matrix Inverse not existing

Here's a question: $A$ is a $3\times 2$ matrix, and $B$ is a $2\times 3$ matrix, so $AB$ is $3\times 3$ matrix. The problem given to me was to show that the inverse of $AB$ does not exist. I was able to verify it using actual values, but could not…
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Matrix positive definite

Let $A$ and $B$ be both symmetric $ n \times n$ matrices, and $B \succ 0$; $U$ be one $n \times q$ column orthogonal matrix ($n > q$). Assume $$ 0 \preceq U^{T} A U \preceq U^{T} B U,$$ do we have the following inequality $$UU^{T}AUU^{T} \preceq…
mewmew
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How to express B-spline basis function in matrix format

Can someone help me with the following Question? I am not sure if B-spline/NURBS can express as basic function in matrix, as, $$ x(t) = B(t)c $$ $$ B(t) = [b_1(t) ... b_M(t)] $$ in which x(t) is a Dx1 states, B(t) is known temporal B-spline basis…
Moco
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Is $2A^2 \geq AB+BA$ when $A\geq B\geq 0$ ? Always true?

Let $A$ and $B$ be real (symmetric) and positive definite. It follows that $AB+BA$ is not necessarily positive definite (it can be indefinite, negative definite or positive definite). But now suppose $A\geq B$. Can one always say $2A^2 \geq AB+BA$?…
John U
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On a particular matrix homomorphism

I recently noticed that, for $2\times 2$ matrices, dividing one off-diagonal element by a constant while multiplying the other off-diagonal element by the same constant produces a matrix homomorphism. i.e., if we call this operation $g$, then it's…
Tobin Fricke
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How many rotation matrices with simple rational entries

This is a follow-on from this earlier question, which asked for examples of simple rotation matrices. I'm interested in rotation matrices whose entries are simple rational numbers, because these are easy to use in hand calculations, using nothing…
bubba
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$(\textbf A \cdot \textbf A ^ T) ^ {-1}$ resulting in singular matrix ? How to overcome this?

A is Non Square matrix, where '$m$' rows < '$n$' columns. For example $m=10$; $n=15$; When calculating $(\textbf A \cdot\textbf A ^ T) ^ {-1}$ results a singular matrix and inverse fails. So how to overcome this? So that, I can multiply $\textbf…