Questions tagged [matrices]

For any topic related to matrices. This includes: systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors (diagonalization, triangularization), determinant, trace, characteristic polynomial, adjugate and adjoint, transpose, Jordan normal form, matrix algorithms (e.g. LU, Gauss elimination, SVD, QR), invariant factors, quadratic forms, etc. For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the (matrix-equations) tag.

A matrix is a rectangular array of elements, usually numbers or variables, arranged in rows and columns. A matrix with $m$ rows and $n$ columns has $m \times n$ elements and is called an $m$ by $n$ matrix. Matrices are a part of .

Matrices can be added and subtracted. Furthermore, if they have compatible shapes, they can be multiplied. More precisely, given two matrices $A$ and $B$, the matrix $AB$ is defined when the number of columns of $A$ is equal to the number of rows of $B$. In particular, given a natural number $n$, any two matrices $A$ and $B$ with $n$ columns and $n$ rows can be multiplied in both ways (that is, both $AB$ and $BA$ exist).


For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the tag.

55954 questions
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matrices with huge numbers as components

If $A=\begin{bmatrix} 10^{30}+5& 10^{20}+4 &10^{20}+6 \\ 10^{4}+2 & 10^{8}+7 &10^{10}+2n \\ 10^{4}+8&10^{6}+4 &10^{15}+9 \end{bmatrix}$ for all $n\in \mathbb{N},$ Then $(a)\;\;A$ is invertible for all $n\in \mathbb{N}$ $(b)\;\;A$ is not …
jacky
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Solve the decomposition $AXB = CX + XD$

Given $A$ and $B$, are there some $C$ and $D$ such that $AXB = CX + XD$ is true for all $X$. ($A, B, C, D$ and $X$ are matrices)
Jose
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Showing a matrix identity

Let $A$ and $B$ be symmetric, positive definite matrices. Consider the following equations: $$ B = XAX, \qquad A = YBY,$$ where $X$ and $Y$ are also symmetric and positive definite matrices. These equations admit the solutions $$ \begin{aligned} …
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Cross product for matrices

I have been contemplating extending the definition of cross product for matrices, and I wonder if this has been done before. Basically my definition is, given two 3x3 matrices: $A=(a_{ij})_{i,j=1} ^ 3$ and $B=(b_{ij})$ then $A\times B=(A_i \times…
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How many $2\times2$ orthogonal matrices $A$ with $A^3=I$ and $A^2=A^T$ are there?

How many $2 × 2$ matrices $A$ satisfy both $A^3 = I_2$ and $A^ 2 = A^t$ , where $I_2$ denotes the $2 × 2$ identity matrix and $A^ t$ denotes the transpose of $A$? A bit of manipulation gives me $AA^t=A^tA=I_2$.So this is orthogonal. Now is…
Soham
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Invert of Matrix I-BA

Suppose $A$ and $B$ are two square Matrix. Let $I-AB$ be invertible. I would like to know why $I-BA$ is also invertible? Also what is invert of $I-BA$? Thanks.
kami
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Factoring Constants out of Matrix Products

This seems like a rather trivial question, but I just want to know first if I am correct that this step is valid and, if so, if there's a name to it. It surely isn't linearity, unless I am mistaken. Suppose we have matrices A and B. Further, B is a…
user465188
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How to calculate inverse of a matrix

I do not know how to calculate the inverse of the matrix. \begin{vmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1 & \cdots & 1 &\\ \beta^{2m}_{1} & \beta^{2m-1}_{1} & \beta^{2m-2}_{1} & \beta^{m+1}_{1} &1\\ \beta^{2m}_{2} & \beta^{2m-1}_{2} & …
Tao
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Elementary Lower Matrices

First of all forgive me for my lack of format. I want to prove that the following elementary lower triangular $nxn$ matrix $Li(x)= I-xe(i)^T$ where $x=[0 \ldots 0 x(i+1) \ldots x(n)]^T$ has the properties: det $Li(x)=1$, $Li(x)^{-1}=Li(-x)$, and…
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Is $[F(x)]^{-1}=F(-x)$ obvious for the given matrix $F(x)$?

$$F(x)=\begin{bmatrix}\cos x&-\sin x&0\\\sin x&\cos x&0\\0&0&1\end{bmatrix}$$ Is it very obvious (in the sense that without any calculations) that $[F(x)]^{-1}=F(-x)$? My book directly writes this without any explanation. How is this evident…
Soham
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How to extract a positive definite submatrix from a PSD matrix?

Let $M$ be a real symmetric positive semi-definite matrix s.t. there is only one zero eigenvalue. Question: Is it true that there is a unique principal submatrix that is positive definite? If so, how to determine this submatrix? First trial: Let…
Dmitry
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what is the equivalent of $xy=a$, then $y→∞$ as $x→0$ for matrices

For scalars, given the equation $xy=a$, then $y→∞$ as $x→0$, i.e. as $x$ tends to being non-invertible. I wanted to find an equivalent theorem for matrices. I came up with: For matrices and vectors, given the equation $Xy=a$, then $y→∞$ as $X$ tends…
a.giannel
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Set of ordered natural numbers represented in a square grid?

Have sets of ordered natural numbers represented in square grids been studied? If so, please link me to some papers, articles or other resources about it. For example, properties and transformations in a 5x5 grid. $$\begin{array}{c|c|c|c|c} 1 & 2 &3…
Mathemert
  • 527
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Commutation matrix proof

Prove that each commutation matrix $K$ is invertible and that $K^{-1} = K^{T}$ We found that $K$ is a square matrix and because we assume that $K$ only has distinct elements it has the maximal rank and is therefore an invertible square matrix. We…
Nedellyzer
  • 1,174
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Number of matrices

Let $A$ be a $3*3$ matrix consisting of twelve distinct elements $1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9, \iota, 2\iota, -\iota $. Therefore the total number of distinct matrices that can be formed are $ 12^{9} $. Then, the number of matrices that are Singular…