Questions tagged [matrices]

For any topic related to matrices. This includes: systems of linear equations, eigenvalues and eigenvectors (diagonalization, triangularization), determinant, trace, characteristic polynomial, adjugate and adjoint, transpose, Jordan normal form, matrix algorithms (e.g. LU, Gauss elimination, SVD, QR), invariant factors, quadratic forms, etc. For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the (matrix-equations) tag.

A matrix is a rectangular array of elements, usually numbers or variables, arranged in rows and columns. A matrix with $m$ rows and $n$ columns has $m \times n$ elements and is called an $m$ by $n$ matrix. Matrices are a part of .

Matrices can be added and subtracted. Furthermore, if they have compatible shapes, they can be multiplied. More precisely, given two matrices $A$ and $B$, the matrix $AB$ is defined when the number of columns of $A$ is equal to the number of rows of $B$. In particular, given a natural number $n$, any two matrices $A$ and $B$ with $n$ columns and $n$ rows can be multiplied in both ways (that is, both $AB$ and $BA$ exist).


For questions specifically concerning matrix equations, use the tag.

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Matrix Exponential using JNF and transition Matrix

Given the Matrix, $ A:=\begin{bmatrix}6 & 9 &15 \\ -5&-10 & -21 \\2&5&11\end{bmatrix} $, i have worked out the JordanNormalForm, J:= $\begin{bmatrix}3 & 0 &0 \\ 0&2 & 1 \\0&0&2\end{bmatrix} $ and the Transition Matrix, P:= $\begin{bmatrix}1 &-3 &-3…
Sam
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Expectation of a covariance matrix

I came across an equation that I don't understand how it was derived. The equation was calculating the expectation of the covariance matrix of an error. The error is $\tilde\theta_N$: $$ \tilde\theta_N=R(N)^{-1}\sum_{t=1}^N\varphi(t)e(t) $$ where…
CherryQu
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How to remove the parentheses of the matrix product $( (AB)^T (CDE)^T )^T$

How to remove the parentheses of the matrix product $( (AB)^T (CDE)^T )^T$ I recently started doing a course relating to IT practices and as an extra challenge we were told to solve this equation. It has stumped everyone in the course and after…
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A clarification to a proof that $x^{\top}Ax$ is maximized at $\max \lambda(A)$ for symmetric $A$

I'm looking for a clarification of an answer to Showing that $x^{\top}Ax$ is maximized at $\max \lambda(A)$ for symmetric $A$ (This is a clarified formulation of my original question which I deleted) The question at the given link asks for a proof…
dnqxt
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Proving that a set is linearly independent when vector is not in the Span.

I understand how to do this when I have values for the vectors, but what if there are no values? I also know that if the solution is trivial, it is independent. Basically, can I solve this with Gauss Jordan elimination when there are no values, and…
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Show it is impossible to have solution for $AX-XA=I$?

For each matrix $A_{n×n}$, explain why it is impossible to find a solution for $X_{n×n}$ in the matrix equation $$ AX-XA=I $$ Hint: Consider the trace function. My question: I can understand that by taking the trace from both sides we get zero in…
user494522
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Principal minors of a negative definite matrix

If matrix A is negative definite, then we know that all leading principal minors of even order are positive and all leading principal minors of odd order are negative. But does the same work for all principal minors and not only the leading ones?
Nick202
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Find all values of a for which the system has trivial solutions

$$\begin{pmatrix}1+a & 1 & 1 & 1\\\ 1 & 1-a & 1 & 1\\1 & 1 & 1 & a\\1 & 2 & 2 & 1\\\end{pmatrix}$$ As the title says, find all values of a for which the system has trivial solutions. I have tried row reduction but I haven't gotten anywhere with it.…
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Suppose every eigenvalue $\lambda$ of $X$ satisfies $|\lambda|<2\pi$. If $\exp(X)v=v$ for some $v\in \mathbb C^n$ then $Xv=0$.

Let $X\in M_n(\mathbb C)$. Suppose every eigenvalue $\lambda$ of $X$ satisfies $|\lambda|<2\pi$. If $e^Xv=v$ for some $v\in \mathbb C^n$ then $Xv=0$. I know that if I suppose $e^Xv=v$, then 1 is an eigenvalue of $e^X$, so then $\log e^X=X$ has…
Alex
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Finding matrix $A^n,$ when $\lim_{n \to \infty}$

Finding $\lim_{n\rightarrow \infty}\begin{pmatrix} 1 & \frac{x}{n}\\ \\ -\frac{x}{n} & 1 \end{pmatrix}^n$ for all $x\in \mathbb{R}$ Try: Let $$ A = \begin{pmatrix}1&\frac{x}{n}\\\\-\frac{x}{n}&1\end{pmatrix}.$$ Then $$ A^2 =…
DXT
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Determine if the matrix is linearly independent (complex numbers) 4x4

I am trying to determine if this is linearly independent and I continue to get the wrong answer. I have gotten the determinant to be both $4$ and $2$ although the answer says it should be $2-2i$ and therefore since it does not equal zero it would…
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Representing train schedules in a matrix

I have a question here that has no answer from the lecture notes, so I'm turning here to ask for help. The question goes like this: Let $t_1, t_2, t_3, t_4$ represent 4 different towns in a large country. Consider that there are the…
bryan.blackbee
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Finding the Solutions of the two systems by using the inverse.

I am having a difficult time understanding where I went wrong with the following: $$\begin{matrix}4x-y = 1 \\ 2x+3y = 3 \end{matrix} $$ $$\begin{matrix}4x-y = -3 \\ 2x+3y = 3 \end{matrix} $$ I found the inverse of the common coefficient matrix of…
Reza M.
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Image and vectors question?

So I have the image $\displaystyle \operatorname{Im}f=\{\lambda_1(1, 2 ,0)+\lambda_2(2 ,1, 3) \}$ and I have to find the values of $\lambda$ so that the vector $\displaystyle (1,\lambda,\lambda^{2}) \in \operatorname{Im}(f)$. Can you tell me just…
dgfddf
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Finding a matrix M of rank 2 such that AM = 0

Let $$ A = \begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & -1 & 2 &1\\ -1 & 1 & 3 & -1 & 0\\ -2 & 1 & 4 & -1 & 3\\ 3 & -1 & -5 & 1 & -6\\ \end{bmatrix} $$ Find a $ 5 \times 5$ matrix $M$ with rank 2 such that $AM =0_{4\times5}$ My logic was to row reduce $A$ into a…
Bryden C
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