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I'm searching for a monotonically increasing function, defined for all reals, that is concave down and a "gentle curve" (no aymptotes). The link below provides an image:

example of gentle concave down curve

This post has some examples of near misses: Is there a bijective, monotonically increasing, strictly concave function from the reals, to the reals?

For instance: y = -e^(-x)

However, this is not by any means a gentle curve, outside of the domain (-3,3). The rest of the graph looks essentially like a right angle.

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Perhaps try something like $$ f(x) := -\frac{x^2}{4}+\frac{x\sqrt{x^2+4}}{4}+\operatorname{asinh}\frac{x}{2} \tag1$$ a

We have $$ \lim_{x\to\infty} f(x) = \infty,\quad \lim_{x\to\infty} f'(x) = 0, \\ \lim_{x\to-\infty} f(x) = -\infty,\quad \lim_{x\to-\infty} f'(x) = -\infty, $$

To find this, I started with the hyperbola $y(y+x)=1$ with asymptotes $y=0$ to the right and $y=-x$ to the left. But you said you did not want asymptotes. So I integrated it, $$ \int \left(-\frac{x}{2}+\frac{\sqrt{x^2+4}}{2}\right) \,dx $$ to get $(1)$.

GEdgar
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  • Your method for deriving the function makes sense, GEdgar. That said, a zoomed-out graph of the function still looks a little "right-angle-ish": https://i.stack.imgur.com/j4kgE.png. Its the best I have so far, but I'm curious if there are even gentler curves to be found.

    Admittedly, I suppose that every "gentle curve" looks right-angle-ish if you zoom the scale out far enough, perhaps! I would guess that by playing around with the parameters of GEdgar's equation I could "broaden" the "gentle portion" of the curve.

    – Craig Duncan Apr 06 '23 at 21:20