Questions tagged [integers]

For questions about the structure, definition, and basic properties of the set of integers, or positive and negative whole numbers, commonly denoted $\mathbb{Z}$. Do not use this tag just because your question involves integers. Consider using (elementary-number-theory) or (number-theory) instead of or in addition to this tag.

The integers are the whole numbers, positive, negative and zero. That is, the integers are the numbers that appear in the infinite list

$$.\quad .\quad .\quad -5\quad -4\quad -3\quad -2\quad -1\quad 0\quad 1\quad 2\quad 3\quad 4\quad 5\quad .\quad .\quad .\quad$$

The set of all integers is denoted by $\mathbb{Z}$. The letter Z comes from the German word "Zahlen" which means "numbers". The integers are related to many other familiar sets of numbers:

$$\mathbb{N} \subset \mathbb{Z} \subset \mathbb{Q} \subset \mathbb{R} \subset \mathbb{C}.$$

The set of integers are closed under addition, subtraction, and multiplication. Together with the additive identity $0$ and the multiplicative identity $1$, the integers form an example of a commutative ring with unity. In fact, it is a Euclidean domain.

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Smart way of calculating $\sqrt{2016^2+2016^2\times2017^2+2017^2}$

As the title says, this is a problem for a mathematics contest, no calculators allowed. Contestants should solve this problem within a few minutes or so, therefore brute-force is a no-go. I've tried substituting the…
Cyh1368
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$\frac{a^2+b^2+1}{ab+1}=k$. Find $k$

$a$ and $b$ are positive integers such that $$\frac{a^2+b^2+1}{ab+1}=k$$ where $k$ is positive integer. Find all values $k$ My work: $a$ is the root of the equation $$x^2-kbx+b^2+1-k=0$$ Let $c$ is another root of this equation. Then $c=kb-a$ and…
Roman83
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Form of a integer of 9th power

prove that the $9th$ power of any integer is of the form $19k$ or $19k \pm 1$ For small power $p$ when the integer is of the form $nk$ or $nk \pm 1$. we use division algorithm $a=nk+r$ then break down $a^n$ and put value of remainder $0$ to $n-1$…
John757
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How do I find a list (size n) of integers where the root-mean-square of the list is an integer?

I already found this one, but it discusses mostly brute force. Brute force is possible of course, but are there any other ways? Is there a way to find all lists? Is there a way to find out how many combinations exist under a certain limit? Also…
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Unsigned 32 bit integer modulo 90

I need a fast way to evaluate modulo 90 of any unsigned 32 bit. One way I am aware of is to represent 1/90 as 0.7111111111111 * 2^-6, then represent 0.7111111111111 as 3054198966 * 2^-32. Hence, if I multiply the input with 3054198966, take upper 32…
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Is there a mathematical term for the number of digits of an integer?

Magnitude would be fitting, but is used to mean absolute value. Is there any singular term used to describe the number of digits in an integer?
rhardih
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Generalise this: 40 - 32 / 2 = 4!

I just read this equation, which is surprisingly true. The interesting equation turned me to find all the positive integer solutions $x$, $y$, and $z$ s.t. $x - \frac{y}{z} = p!$, where $p = \frac{x - y}{z}$ is also an integer. Note that, in the…
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What is the min integer factor which makes $4x+2y$ integer?

Sorry for the english translation. $x$ and $y \in \Bbb R$. $15$ is the minumum integer which makes $x$ integer when you multiply. $18$ is the minumum integer which makes $y$ an integer when you multiply with. What is the minumum factor which makes…
St3114
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How to find the remainder of $\dfrac{a_{2011}}{5}$?

I would appreciate if somebody could help me with the following problem If $\{a_n\}$ satisfy: $$a_1=a_2=1$$ $$a_{n+2}=a_{n+1}+a_{n}$$ How to find the remainder of $\dfrac{a_{2011}}{5}$
Young
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What is the number of solutions to the equation $2024 = a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc$

I would appreciate if somebody could help me with the following problem. What is the number of solutions to the equation $$2024 = a^3+b^3+c^3-3abc$$ with integers $a\geq b\geq c$? My work: I tried to approach it through factorization, but it didn't…
Young
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Prove that $x+y = (x-y)^2$ has infinite integer solutions

Prove that $$x+y = (x-y)^2$$ has infinite integer solutions. I tried to reform the equation in several ways. As $$(x-y)(x-y-1)=2y$$ Or $$(x+y)(x+y-1)=4xy$$ I was trying to find y in terms of x But as I saw it wasn't that easy. Please guide me a way…
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Representations of negative numbers as a positive offset from a multiple of 10

In decimal, adding 10 to a positive number leaves the units digit unchanged, as does subtracting 10 from a negative number. This is also true when adding or subtracting integer multiples of 10, so long as the result is of the same sign as the…
M. Justin
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How many times does the most significant digit of $3^n$ is 1?

For $n=0, 1 ,2 \dots$, let $a(n) = \{ x| x=3^k, k = 0, 1, 2, \dots, n \}$ and $b_n$ be a number of elements of $a(n)$ whose most significant digit is $1$. For example, for $n=7$, $a(7)=\{1, 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729, \}$ and $b_7=1$ because $1$…
Soling
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Unique numerical encodings of lists of integers

I am a computer programmer and my project is to take an arbitrary length ordered list of integers and generate another integer which is a reversible encoding of the list. I did find a solution, but I wonder if there is a better solution in terms of…
Paul Prescod
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Find real solution $x$ in order to $x + \sqrt{2020}$ and $\dfrac{5}{x} -\sqrt{2020}$ are integers

$x + \sqrt{2020}$ and $\dfrac{5}{x} - \sqrt{2020}$ are integers $\Rightarrow x + \dfrac{5}{x}$ is an integer $\Rightarrow \dfrac{x^2 + 5}{x}$ is an integer $\Rightarrow x^2 + 5\ \vdots\ x$ $\Rightarrow x^2 + 5 - x^2\ \vdots\ x$ $\Rightarrow 5\…
Solitarie
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