Questions tagged [uniform-convergence]

For sequences of functions, uniform convergence is a mode of convergence stronger than pointwise convergence, preserving certain properties such as continuity. This tag should be used with the tag [convergence].

A sequence of functions $f_n : X \to \mathbb R$ is said to converge uniformly to a function $f : X \to \mathbb R$ if $$ \lim_{n\to \infty}\sup_{x\in X}|f_n(x)-f(x)| = 0.$$ Roughly speaking, this means not only that $f_n(x)$ converges to $f(x)$ for all $x \in X$, but also that the rate of convergence is uniform over the whole of $X$.

Uniformly convergent sequences are well-behaved in certain ways that pointwise convergent sequences are not. For example, if $X$ is a topological space (such as a subset of $\mathbb R$), and if the functions $\{ f_n \}$ are continuous, then their uniform limit $f$ is also continuous. Furthermore, if $X$ is a bounded closed interval in $\mathbb R$, and if the functions $\{ f_n \}$ are Riemann integrable, then their uniform limit $f$ is also Riemann integrable, and $\int_X f= \lim_{n \to \infty} \int_X f_n $. These statements do not hold under the weaker assumption of pointwise convergence.

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To prove that $f_n(x) = \frac{nx}{1+n^2x^2}$ does not uniformly converge to $f(x) = 0$ on $[0,1]$

My Approach. To prove the given statement it is sufficient to show that $$\exists \epsilon > 0, \exists x \in [0,1], \forall N \in \mathbb{N}, \exists n > N $$ $$ \Rightarrow | f_n(x) - f(x)| > \epsilon$$ Let $\epsilon = \frac{1}{10}, x =…
aghost
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About Uniform Convergence of $\sum_{n=1}^\infty\frac{\sin nx}{n}$ on $[0,2\pi]$

Is $\sum_{n=1}^\infty\dfrac{\sin nx}{n}$ uniform convergent on $[0,2\pi]$? I think it is not. However, I could not prove it by Cauchy's criterion.
XLDD
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Is there any graphical methods by which we can directly notice whether the $\{f_k\}$ converges uniformly?

Thanks to books, many pdf files on google and this web-site, I understood somewhat about uniform and pointwise convergence. This question may be the last question about this part. Now, I can check whether the sequence of functions $f_k$ does not…
Danny_Kim
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Uniform convergence of functions and intervals

We define $f_n:\mathbb{R}\to\mathbb{R}$ by $f_n(x)=\dfrac{x}{1+nx^2}$ for each $n\ge 1$. I compute that $f(x):= \displaystyle\lim_{n\to \infty}f_n(x) = 0$ for each $x\in\mathbb{R}$. Now, I want to know in which intervals $I\subseteq \mathbb{R}$ the…
user73564
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easy Question about uniform convergence

I have a fairly easy question of uniform convergence, I believe. I have function: $$\sum\frac{1}{n}-\frac{1}{x^2+n}=\sum \frac{x^2}{nx^2+n^2}\le1$$ Why is this only uniformly convergent on finite intervals rather than all reals?
user67260
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Proof Abel's Uniform Convergence Test

I am trying to prove Abel's Test Abel's Test: Let $f_n(x)$ be a non-increasing sequence of functions such that $0 \le f_n(x) \le M$ for all $x \in [a,b]$. If $\sum a_n$ converges then $\sum a_nf_n(x)$ converges uniformly in $[a,b]$. What I tried to…
idk
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Is the uniform limit of piecewise continuous functions $f:[a,b]\rightarrow\mathbb{R}$ piecewise continuous?

Let $(f_n)$ be a sequence of functions $f_n:[a,b]\to\mathbb{R}$, all of which are piecewise continuous. Does $f_n\rightrightarrows f$ imply that $f$ is piecewise continuous? EDIT: I wrote a proof that $f$ must be piecewise continuous. However, this…
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Testing a series for uniform convergence using Weierstrass' M test

I'm currently having some trouble trying to test for uniform convergence of the series. $\sum_{k=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{kx+2}-\frac{1}{kx+x+2}$ $0 \leq x \leq 1 $ I tried to test for uniform convergence using the Weierstrass' M test where I set my M…
user131516
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Uniform Convergence Proof: $\frac{\sin nx}{n\sqrt{x}} \to 0$

Welcome to MSE! I need assistance in demonstrating the uniform convergence of the sequence $\frac{\sin nx}{n\sqrt{x}} \to 0$. I've attempted to approach the problem by trying a bounding technique, but my attempts have not been successful.…
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Proving uniform convergence of a sequence

I have to prove the uniform convergence of this sequence $f_n(x)=\tan^{-1}nx$ in $[a,b],a>0$ What I have reached so far: $$|f_n(x)-f(x)|=\left|\tan^{-1}nx-\frac\pi 2\right|=\tan^{-1}nx-\frac\pi 2<\epsilon$$ How do I proceed further ?
Aman Mittal
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Question on Uniform Convergence

I'm working on a question on uniform convergence. After spending an hour, I'm still trying to write a formal proof for it. The question seems obvious to me, but I cannot prove it formally. Consider $f_n$ as a sequence of continuos functions pn…
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Uniform convergence of $f_n(x)=nx/(1+n^{2}x^{2})$?

We have to show that $f_n(x)=\frac{nx}{1+n^{2}x^{2}}$ is uniform convergent on $[a,\infty),a \gt 0$ but not on $[0,\infty)$ I am trying to prove uniform covegence on $[a, \infty]$ by using the result a sequence $(f_n)$ of bounded functions on $A…
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Uniform convergence of $\lim_{x \to 0} y^x = 1$

For the limit $$\lim_{x \to 0} y^x = 1$$ at what values of $y$ does it uniformly converge? I was able to work out that if $y$ is bounded $[a, 1]$ (where $a>0)$, then it uniformly converges, and that if it's bounded $[1, b]$ (where $b>1)$, then it…
sedrick
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Equivalent statement for uniform convergence

Let $f_n:D\to\mathbb{C}$ be a sequence of holomorphic functions for which $|f_n(s)|^2$ converges uniformly, i.e. for $\varepsilon>0$ there always exists $N>0$ such that for all $n,m>N$ we have $||f_n(s)|^2-|f_m(s)|^2|<\varepsilon$ is true. Does it…
pshmath0
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Pointwise but not uniform convergence of continuous functions on $[0,1]$

As I was going over the definitions of pointwise and uniform convergence I came to the following problem: since the canonical example for continuous functions on $[0,1)$ which are pointwise but bot uniform convergent(wrt the constant function $f=0$)…
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